In our daily lives, we humans move through a sea of microbial life that is seldom perceived except in the context of potential disease and decay (L. Feazel 2009). 

There is a fair amount of press about the concept of the “Internet of Things” — or as it is commonly abbreviated, IOT. The concept of IOT is simply defined as a network of physical devices. 

Continuing last month’s topic of commissioning action lists (a.k.a. master issues logs, a.k.a. corrective action lists), I would like to focus on the items in those documents that deal with construction phase or acceptance testing “deficiencies.” 

As early as 3000 BC, civilizations began to create codes for public order and safety. The Code of Hammurabi, the old “eye for an eye” law many are familiar with, also included laws for safe building construction.

It’s impossible to balance line-to-line voltages perfectly in three-phase circuits, so they typically differ by a few volts or more. 

When designing or replacing a low pressure steam boiler, throw out everything you know about hydronic boilers. A steam system is closer in operation to an air conditioning unit than it is to a hydronic boiler. If you design a steam system using hydronic design methods, it will not operate properly. 

A higher education campus presents an extensive amount of variables that can drastically impact the requirements of the indoor environment.

As an engineer there are two choices — improve the “norm” or forge ahead with something new or borrowed from previous generations.

Last summer, CJ Automotive in Butler, IN, decided it was high time to replace its 40-year-old inefficient steam boiler system.

When it comes to writing an important research paper, it’s essential to include references. That’s exactly what Tom Mangogna had his district engineering staff do when it came time to research using Daikin for their school district.